| 597 | BC | Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonians capture Jerusalem, destroying the First Temple |
| 0 | | Feast of St. Hilary, Bishop of Aquileia, Martyred in the persecution of Numerian |
| 1190 | | Crusaders massacre the Jews of York, England, c. 500 die |
| 1322 | | Battle of Boroughbridge: Sir Andrew Harclay defeats the Earl of Lancaster |
| 1527 | | Battle of Khanua: Babur's Moghuls defeat the Rajputs |
| 1792 | | Swedish King Gustav III mortally wounded by an assassin, which inspires Verdi's "Un Ballo in Maschera" |
| 1815 | | William I of Orange proclaimed King of the Netherlands, including Belgium |
| 1861 | | Confederate government appoints commissioners to Britain & France in the hope of securing recognition or aid |
| 1865 | | Battle of Averysboro, NC |
| 1882 | | US Senate ratifies treaty establishing the International Red Cross |
| 1916 | | The new Dutch passenger liner 'Tubatina' is torpedoed off the Netherlands, Germany denies responsibility despite recovery of portions of the torpedo |
| 1922 | | Sultan Fuad of Egypt (1917-1922) is crowned King of Egypt (1922-1936) |
| 1926 | | Robert Goddard launches the first liquid fueled rocket, to 184 feet |
| 1935 | | Hitler announces German rearmament, after years of covert efforts under the Weimar Republic, in violation of the Treaty of Versailles |
| 1939 | | Hungary annexes Carpatho-Ukraine district of Czechoslovakia |
| 1941 | | The Pennsylvania Railroad's Cleveland-Pittsburgh express was derailed near Baden, Pa., with 5 deaths, over 100 injured; German inspired sabotage was suspected, but no arrests were ever made. |
| 1943 | | Solomon Is: U.S. destroyers shell Vila. |
| 1944 | | USS 'Tautog' (SS-199) sinks Japanese DD 'Shirakumo' off Hokkaido |
| 1945 | | Iwo Jima: organized Japanese resistance ends, mopping up continues. |
| 1966 | | Gemini 8 launched with Armstrong & Scott, aborted after 6.5 orbits |
| 1968 | | My Lai Massacre, perhaps 450 die |
| 1985 | | Hezbollah terrorists capture Associated Press correspondent Terry Anderson, hold him until 1991 |
| 1993 | | Terrorist bombing in the Bow Bazar, Calcutta, 69 die |
| 1399 | | Zhu Zhanji - the Xuande Emperor of Ming China (1425-1435) |
| 1739 | | George Clymer, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1813 |
| 1751 | | James Madison, militiaman, President (1809-1817), d. 1836 -- Learn More |
| 1802 | | George Archibald McCall, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1868 |
| 1802 | | U.S. Military Academy, at West Point |
| 1812 | | Henry Dwight Terry, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1869 |
| 1822 | | John Pope, Maj Gen, U.S., who did very badly at Second Bull Run, d. 1892 |
| 1832 | | Charles Camp Doolittle, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1903 |
| 1856 | | Prince Imperial Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, "Napoleon IV", kia Zululand, 1879 -- Learn More |
| 1878 | | Clemens August Graf von Galen, Bishop & Cardinal of Munster (1933-1946), anti-Nazi, d. 1946 |
| 1878 | | Reza Pahlawi, Shah of Persia/Iran (1925-1941), d. 1944 |
| 1911 | | Josef Mengele, Nazi war criminal, d. 1979 |
| 1927 | | Vladimir M Komarov, Russia cosmonaut |
| 1932 | | Walter M Cunningham, USMC, astronaut (Apollo 7) |
| 37 | | Tiberius, 77, Roman general and Emperor (AD 14-37), possibly murdered |
| 455 | | Emperor Valentinian III (424-455), assassinated at 35, much too late to help save the empire in the West -- Learn More |
| 1185 | | King Baldwin IV "the Leper" of Jerusalem (1174-1185), c. 25 |
| 1286 | | King Alexander III of Scotland (1249-1286), 44 |
| 1536 | | Grand Vizier Ibrahim Pasha of the Ottoman Empire, murdered, c. 45 |
| 1838 | | Nathaniel Bowditch, oceanographer ("American Practical Navigator"), at 64 |
| 1914 | | Gaston Calmette, 55, editor of 'Le Figaro,' shot by Mdm. Henriette Caillaux, wife of France's finance minister, over some indiscrete letters he had published, initiating a scandalous trial that would preoccupy public attention until the outbreak of war in late July |
| 1930 | | Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 60, Spanish general and dictator (1923-30) |
| 1978 | | Aldo Moro, 61, former prime minister of Italy, assassinated by terrorists |
| 1995 | | Simon Frazier, Lord Lovat, commando (Loflotten, Hardelot, Dieppe, Relief of Pegasus Bridge at Normandy), at 83 |