| 207 | BC | the Romans annihilated Hannibal's brother and his army in the Battle of the Metaurus (Julian) -- Learn More |
| 0 | | Feast of St. John of Avila, Doctor of the Church, Patron of Andalucia and of Spain |
| 537 | | Battle of Dover: King Arthur defeats Mordred |
| 946 | | Election of Pope Agapetus II (946-955) |
| 1267 | | Jews of Vienna ordered to wear distinctive clothing |
| 1278 | | Jews in England imprisoned on false charges of counterfeiting |
| 1307 | | Battle of Loudon Hill: Robert the Bruce defeats the Earl of Pembroke |
| 1318 | | Battle of Dyset o'Dea: The Irish defeat the English & their minions |
| 1427 | | Jews are expelled from Bern, Switzerland |
| 1499 | | Cesare Borgia marries Charlotte d'Albret, sister to the King of Navarre, cousin to the King of France |
| 1643 | | the Royalist garrison of Hillesdon House, in Buckinghamshire, surrendered to Oliver Cromwell -- Learn More (scroll down) |
| 1655 | | England captures Jamaica from Spain, gaining its first colony |
| 1676 | | Bacon's Rebellion begins in Virginia |
| 1748 | | John Newton, slaver, sees the light, becomes an abolitionist, clergyman, and hymn writer ("Amazing Grace") |
| 1774 | | Louis XVI ascends the throne of France; deposed in 1791 by the Revolutionaries, executed 1793. |
| 1775 | | The 2nd Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia, to fight the American Revolution |
| 1775 | | Benedict Arnold, Ethan Allan, & the Green Mountain Boys capture Ticonderoga |
| 1796 | | Battle of Lodi: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians |
| 1811 | | the French abandoned the fortress of Almeida, Spain to Wellington -- Learn More |
| 1849 | | a riot broke out in Astor Place, NYC, between the partisans of an 'American" actor and those of a "British" one, c. 25 died |
| 1857 | | Sepoy uprising at Meerut initiates the Indian Mutiny |
| 1861 | | Riot in St. Louis between Secessionists and Loyalists, c. 30 die |
| 1862 | | Battle of Plum Run Bend, TN |
| 1862 | | Confederates torch & evacuate the Norfolk and Pensacola Navy Yards |
| 1865 | | Irwinsville, Ga.: Jefferson Davis captured by Union troops |
| 1871 | | Peace of Frankfurt-am-Main: France cedes Alsace-Lorraine to Germany |
| 1880 | | War of the Pacific: Chilean fleet bombards Callao, Peru |
| 1898 | | Havana: US ships & Spanish batteries exchange fire |
| 1917 | | British begin convoying merchant ships against u-boats |
| 1918 | | Royal Navy commando raid on Ostend: HMS 'Vindictive' is sunk to block the Harbor |
| 1919 | | Race riot in Charleston, 2 blacks killed |
| 1924 | | J Edgar Hoover appointed head of FBI (1924-1972) |
| 1933 | | Chaco War: Paraguay declares war on Bolivia (1932-1935) |
| 1933 | | Nazis stage book burnings throughout Germany |
| 1936 | | Spanish Leftists depose Pres Alcala-Zamora, to install Manuel Azaña, making civil war certain |
| 1940 | | British form the Home Guard |
| 1940 | | as Winston S. Churchill became PM of the UK, Germany invaded France, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg -- Learn More |
| 1940 | | Kurt Student becomes the first general to a make combat parachute jump, over Rotterdam |
| 1940 | | Luftwaffe bombs Freiburg, Germany, by mistake; Goebbles blames the RAF |
| 1941 | | Rudolf Hess, Adolph Hitler's deputy, parachutes into Scotland |
| 1941 | | The House of Commons is severely damaged by Luftwaffe fire bombs |
| 1945 | | Mindanao: Filipino guerrillas support Eighth Army landings |
| 1948 | | Egyptian irregulars attack Kfar Darom, Israel |
| 1956 | | France sends 50,000 reservists to Algeria |
| 1960 | | USS 'Triton' (SSN-586) completes first submerged circumnavigation |
| 1968 | | Vietnam War: Paris peace talks begin, as does the Battle of Hamburger Hill |
| 1972 | | Vietnam War: USN aviators Randy "Duke" Cunningham & Willie Driscoll score their 3rd, 4th, & 5th MiGs, are then shot down by an SA2, but rescued |
| 214 | | M. Aurelius Claudius - Emperor Claudius II Gothicus (268-270); one of the few emperors to die of natural causes of the c. 40 who reigned between 211 & 307 |
| 1536 | | Thomas Howard, Fourth Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal of England, d. 1572 |
| 1724 | | Johan Zoutman, Dutch Admiral (Doggerbank), d. 1793 |
| 1730 | | George Ross, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1797 |
| 1760 | | Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, French army officer who wrote 'La Marseillaise', d. 1836 -- https://youtu.be/cOeFhSzoTuc?t=24 |
| 1769 | | Jean Lannes, Marshal of France, duc de Montebello, kia 1809 -- Learn More |
| 1770 | | Marshal of France Louis Nicholas Davout, d. 1823 |
| 1810 | | James Shields, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1879 |
| 1824 | | Charles Henry Van Wyck, Brig Gen. U.S., d 1895 |
| 1838 | | John Wilkes Booth, actor, heartthrob, assassin, k 1865 |
| 45 | BC | Marcus Porcius Cato the Younger, 50, opponent of Caesar, suicide at Utica [Est] |
| 238 | | Roman Emperor Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus -- Maximinus Thrax (235-238), c. 65, and his son G. Iulius Verus Maximus, c. 18-20, beheaded by mutinous troops -- Learn More |
| 1632 | | Louis de Marillac, 60, Count of Beaumont-le-Roger, Marshal of France, beheaded at Paris |
| 1774 | | King Louis XV of France (1715-74), 64 |
| 1807 | | Marshal Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, who commanded the French Army alongside Washington's at Yorktown, at 81 -- Learn More ("Hard Money"} |
| 1818 | | Paul Revere, silversmith, gun founder, Patriot, 83 |
| 1852 | | Michele Carrascosa, 78, Sicilian-Neapolitian soldier, liberal, Muratian general (1906-1915), Borbon war minister (1821-1823) |
| 1863 | | Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, 39, Lt Gen, C.S.A., probably of pneumonia, complicated by the loss of his arm -- Learn More |
| 1897 | | Andres Bonifacio (32), & his brothers Ciriaco & Procopio, Philippine nationalists, executed by the Spanish |
| 1904 | | Henry M Stanley, 63, Union & Confederate veteran, explorer, imperialist |
| 1943 | | Andre Bertulot (22) & Arnaud Fraiteur (18), Belgian resistance fighters, hanged by the Nazis |