| 776 | BC | the First Olympiad was held |
| 291 | BC | Q. Fabius Maximus Gurges celebrated a Triumph for the defeat of the Samnites -- Learn More |
| 81 | BC | Roman Dictator Sulla ended the proscriptions, after c. 9,000 of his enemies had been murdered |
| 0 | | Canada Day |
| 0 | | Armed Forces Day in Singapore |
| 0 | | Feast of St. Junípero Serra, Apostle of California, Patron of Hispanic Americans and of California |
| 230 | | Accession of Pope St. Pontian (July 21, 230-Sep. 28,235), exiled to Sardinia by the Emperor Maximinus Thrax, d. October 235 |
| 1097 | | Battle of Doryleum: Crusaders defeat Sultan Kilidj Arslan's Seljuk Turks near Nicaea |
| 1266 | | Treaty of Perth: Scotland "rents" the Western Isles from Norway at 100 marks a year |
| 1482 | | Battle of Loja: the Moors defeat the Castilians & Aragonese |
| 1543 | | Treaty of Greenwich: King Edward VI of England (9) is betrothed to his cousin Mary Queen of Scots (14) |
| 1569 | | The Union of Lublin: Formation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled by a single elected King of Poland/Grand Duke of Lithuania, and governed with a common senate and parliament |
| 1690 | | Battle of Fleurs: The French defeat the Imperialists |
| 1690 | | the English & Dutch Protestants massacred the Irish Catholics outside Dublin, following the Battle the Boyne (Julian) -- Learn More |
| 1782 | | American privateers raid Lunenburg, Nova Scotia |
| 1816 | | French frigate 'Medusa' wrecked, inspiring Gericault's "The Raft of the Medusa" |
| 1823 | | United Provinces of Central America gain independence from Mexico |
| 1823 | | Batman was commissioned a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army -- Learn More |
| 1861 | | Skirmish at Falling Waters/Martinsburg, Md: Union victory |
| 1862 | | Battle of Holly Spring, MS |
| 1862 | | Day 7 of the 7 Days: Malvern Hill/Harrison's Landing/Crew's Farm, Va. |
| 1862 | | US taxes incomes of $600 or more to help finance the Civil War |
| 1862 | | Battle of Booneville Ms: Gen Beauregard evacuates Corinth |
| 1863 | | The Netherlands abolishes slavery in its West Indian colonies |
| 1863 | | Lee won the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, but Union troops fell back to a very strong position -- Learn More# |
| 1864 | | Battle of Petersburg (to July 31) |
| 1870 | | James W Smith becomes the first black man to enter West Point |
| 1873 | | Henry Flipper of Georgia is the second black man to enter West Point |
| 1898 | | U.S. troops defeated the Spanish in the Battles of El Caney and San Juan Hill, outside Santiago, Cuba -- Learn More |
| 1900 | | Marriage of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria to the Countess Sophie Chotek, who later meet Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo in 1914 |
| 1903 | | Apache war chief Geronimo was baptized in the Methodist Church -- Learn More |
| 1910 | | Linienschiffsleutnant Georg Ludwig, Ritter von Trapp, assumed command of the new Austro-Hungarian submarine 'U-6' -- Learn More |
| 1913 | | Second Balkan War: Serbia & Greece declare war on Bulgaria |
| 1916 | | the Battle of the Somme began -- Learn More |
| 1917 | | white racists began three days of rioting in East St. Louis Massacre, and were later joined by some National Guardsmen sent in to quell the disorders, 100 African-Americans killed, many injured or driven from their homes -- Learn More |
| 1921 | | the Riffians inflicted a disastrous defeat onthe Spanish Army at Annual in Morocco |
| 1940 | | German troops occupy the Channel Islands |
| 1941 | | The Farhud Pogrom: Pro-fascist Iraqis attack Bagdad's Jews; British troops arrive on the 2nd & restore order, but between 200-1000 Jews are killed, many injured, and much property destroyed |
| 1942 | | The Germans capture Sevastopol after a long siege |
| 1943 | | USS 'Thresher' (SS-200) damages Japanese DD 'Hokaze' in the Southwest Pacific. |
| 1943 | | Marine 4th Raider Bn captures Viru Harbor on New Georgia. |
| 1943 | | The "Women's Army Auxiliary Corps" is renamed the "Women's Army Corps" |
| 1945 | | Australians land at Balikpapan, Borneo, against stiff resistance |
| 1946 | | US atomic bomb test at Bikini Atoll, the 4th nuclear explosion |
| 1950 | | First US ground troops arrive in Korea |
| 1960 | | USSR shoots down US RB-47 |
| 1961 | | British troops land in Kuwait to prevent an Iraqi invasion |
| 1962 | | Belgian "Trust Territories" of Burundi and Rwanda became independent |
| 1969 | | Prince Charles is invested as the Prince of Wales |
| 1995 | | GEN. Charles C. Krulak was appointed Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps -- Learn More |
| 1518 | | Rodolfo Baglioni II, condottiero, Lord of Perugia, Count of Spello and Bettona, kia 1554 -- Learn More |
| 1534 | | King Frederick II of Denmark and Norway (1559-88) |
| 1614 | | Isaac Casaubon, 55, classical scholar and philologist, perhaps the most learned man in Europe |
| 1725 | | Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, later the Comte de Rochemeau, who commanded the French Army alongside Wasington's at Yorktown -- Learn More ("Hard Mone") |
| 1731 | | Adam Duncan, later Admiral Viscount Duncan, victor of Camperdown, d. 1804 -- Learn More |
| 1802 | | Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy, d. 1878 |
| 1833 | | Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1880 |
| 1867 | | The Dominion of Canada |
| 1872 | | Louis Bleriot, first to fly an airplane across English Channel, d. 1936 |
| 1903 | | Amy Johnson, aviatrix, first woman to fly England to Australia, d. 1941 |
| 1916 | | Abdulkhakim Ismailov, Georgian soldier, Hero of the Soviet Union, who raised the Red Banner over the Reichstag on May 2, 1945, d. 2010 |
| 975 | | King Edgar "the Peaceful" of England (959-975), at 31 |
| 1037 | | Prince Canute Lavard of Denmark, Duke of Schelswig, murdered at 34 |
| 1242 | | Chagatai, 59, second son of Genghis Khan, Khan of the Chagatai (1226-1242) |
| 1277 | | Baibars -- Baibars al-Bunduqdar, 54, Mamluke Sultan of Egypt (1260-1277), accidental poisoning |
| 1360 | | Giacomo I Caetani, Lord of Sermoneta, condottiero, hanged at c. 40 |
| 1582 | | The "Admirable" James Crichton (c. 22), poet, scholar, linguist, assassinated in a street brawl by the son of the Duke of Mantua |
| 1619 | | Isaac Casaubon, 55, French classical scholar and philologist, the "most learned man in Europe", d. 1614. |
| 1690 | | Frederick, 1st Duke of Schomberg, Williamite, kia, Battle of the Boyne, at c. 75 |
| 1839 | | Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (1808-39), at 53 |
| 1863 | | John Reynolds, 42, Maj. Gen., U.S.A., kia, Gettysburg, along with some thousands of other boys in Blue & in Gray |
| 1884 | | General-of-Engineers Franz Eduard Graf von Tottleben, defender of Sebastopol, at 66 -- Learn More |
| 1898 | | Brig. Gen. Joaquín Vara de Rey y Rubio was killed-in-action during the Battle of El Caney / San Juan Hill -- Learn More |
| 1914 | | Alberto Pollio, military historian, Chief-of-Staff of the Italian Army, heart attack at 61, just as everyone was about to go to war |
| 1929 | | Henry L. Johnson, 36, black National Guardsman, the first American soldier in World War I to receive the Croix de Guerre with star and Gold Palm, awarded the Medal of Honor in 2015 -- Learn More |
| 1943 | | Auguste Reitsma, C Baker, C L Barentsen, Coos Hartogh, Cor Rose, Henri Halberstadt, Johan Brouwer, Karl Groger, Koen Limperg, Rudy Bloemgarten, Willem Arondeus, & Willem Brouwer, heroes of the Dutch Resistance, murdered by the Nazis |
| 1944 | | Adm Chuichi Nagumo, 57, Victor of Pearl Harbor, Loser of Midway, suicide on Saipan. |
| 1978 | | Kurt Arthur Benno Student, sometime airborne pioneer and Generaloberst, at 88 -- Learn More |
| 1991 | | The Warsaw Pact, at 36 |
| 2015 | | Sir Nicholas George Winton, 106, rescued 669 mostly Jewish children Czechoslovakia in 1938, later served in the RAF |